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1.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1444503

ABSTRACT

Introduction: assessing the ability to cope with regret can contribute to support strategies for health professionals. However, in Brazil only few instruments evaluate this ability in general. Objective: this study aimed was to adapt and validate the Regret Coping Scale for Healthcare Professionals (RCS-HCP) to Brazilian Portuguese . Methods: the instruments were translated, and the psychometric properties evaluated for validity and reliability. Three hundred and forty-one professionals participated, with an average age of 38.6 ± 9.2, and 87 participated in a retest survey 30 days later. Results: exploratory factor analysis showed adequacy of the structure (KMO = 0.786) composed of three factors. In the confirmation, the performance was close to acceptable. Reliability was good for the maladaptive strategies (α = 0.834) and adequate for the problem-focused initiatives (α = 0.717), but slightly too low for adaptive strategies (α = 0.595). Test- retest showed lower than expected values, with a Spearman- Brown coefficient of 0.703. Conclusion: the RCS-HCP scale showed satisfactory performance in relation to the properties evaluated.


Introdução: a avaliação da capacidade de lidar com o arrependimento pode contribuir para estratégias de apoio aos profissionais de saúde. No entanto, no Brasil existem poucos instrumentos que avaliam essa habilidade no contexto geral. Objetivo: o objetivo do estudo foi adaptar e validar a Regret Coping Scale for Healthcare Professionals (RCS-HCP) para profissionais de saúde brasileiros. Método: na validação, os instrumentos foram traduzidos e as propriedades psicométricas avaliadas quanto à validade e confiabilidade. Participaram 341 profissionais, com média de idade de 38,6 ± 9,2, e 87 participaram de uma pesquisa de reteste 30 dias depois. Resultados: a análise fatorial exploratória mostrou adequação da estrutura (KMO = 0,786) composta por três fatores. Na confirmação, o desempenho ficou próximo do aceitável. A confiabilidade foi boa para as estratégias mal adaptativas (α = 0,834) e adequada para as estratégias focadas no problema (α = 0,717), mas um pouco baixa demais para as estratégias adaptativas (α = 0,595). Teste-reteste apresentou valores abaixo do esperado, com coeficiente de Spearman-Brown de 0,703. Conclusão: a escala RCS-HCP apresentou desempenho satisfatório em relação às propriedades avaliadas.

2.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 57(2): 207-213, Mar.-Apr. 2022. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387995

ABSTRACT

Abstract Peripheral nerve damage is an important cause of seeking medical attention. It occurs when the continuity of structures is interrupted and the propagation of nervous impulses is blocked, affecting the functional capacity of individuals. To assess the effects of the immunosuppressants tacrolimus and cyclosporine on the regeneration of peripheral nerves, a systematic review of the literature was carried out. The articles included were published until September 2018 and proposed to evaluate the effects of the immunosuppressants tacrolimus and cyclosporine on nerve regeneration and neuroprotection, available in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Oxford Pain Relief Database, and LILACS databases. The research analysed a total of 56 articles, of which 22 were included in the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis suggests the protective effect of tacrolimus in the regeneration of the number of myelinated axons (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93-2.39; p< 0.01); however, such effect was not observed in relation to cyclosporine (95%CI: - 0.38-1.18; p» 0.08) It also suggests that there is a significant relationship between the use of tacrolimus and myelin thickness (95%CI» 2.00-5.71; p< 0. 01). The use of immunosuppressants in the regeneration of peripheral nerve damage promotes an increase in the number of myelinated axons in general, regardless of the administered dose. In addition, it ensures greater myelin thickness, muscle weight and recovery of the sciatic functional index. However, heterogeneity was high in most analyses performed.


Resumo As lesões nervosas periféricas são uma causa importante de busca por atendimento médico. Elas ocorrem quando há a interrupção da continuidade das estruturas e do bloqueio da propagação dos impulsos nervosos, afetando a capacidade funcional dos indivíduos. Para avaliar os efeitos dos imunossupressores tacrolimus e ciclosporina na regeneração de nervos periféricos, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Foram incluídos artigos publicados até setembro de 2018, que se propunham avaliar os efeitos dos imunossupressores tacrolimus e ciclosporina na regeneração nervosa e neuroproteção, disponíveis nas bases de dados MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Oxford Pain Relief Database e LILACS. A pesquisa analisou um total de 56 artigos, dos quais 22 foram para metanálise. A análise estatística sugere o efeito protetor do tacrolimus na regeneração do número de axônios mielinizados (intervalo de confiança [IC] 95%: 0,93-2,39; p< 0,01); todavia tal efeito não foi observado em relação à ciclosporina (IC95%: - 0,38-1,18; p» 0,08). Ela também sugere haver uma relação significativa entre o uso do tacrolimus e a espessura da mielina (IC95%: 2,00-5,71; p< 0,01). O uso de imunossupressores na regeneração de lesão nervosa periférica promove um aumento no número de axônios mielinizados de forma geral, independentemente da dose administrada. Além disso, garante uma maior espessura da mielina, um maior peso muscular e restabelecimento do índice da função do nervo ciático. Todavia, a heterogeneidade foi alta na maioria das análises realizadas.


Subject(s)
Peripheral Nerves/pathology , Tacrolimus/therapeutic use , Cyclosporine/therapeutic use , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Nerve Regeneration/drug effects
3.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 98(1): 84-91, Jan.-Feb. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360548

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To validate the Family Health Behavior Scale (FHBS) for Brazilian families. Methods: The sample included 272 children aged 5 to 12 years old. Caregivers and their healthy answered the FHBS and questions about physical activity. In addition, anthropometric measurements of the children's weight and height were performed, as well as the bioimpedance exam. The scale was translated and the following validities were assessed: content (qualitative analysis and content validity index), construct (factor analysis) and concurrent validity (difference between domains and the total score with the categories of BMI, fat percentage and physical activity). Reliability (Cronbach's alpha, ceiling-floor effect, two-half test, intraclass correlation and Bland - Altman) was also assessed. Results: FHBS instrument performed well with regard to the psychometric properties in the Brazilian population. The content validity index was 0.987. Fit indices of the factor analysis were considered satisfactory, according to Bartlett's sphericity test (χ 2 = 1927, df = 351; p < 0.001) and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index (KMO = 0.789). Concurrent validity, the differences between the mean of the domains and the total score between the categories of BMI (p = 0.011), percentage of fat (0.004) and physical activity (p < 0.001) were all significant. The reliability results were Cronbach's alpha internal consistency = 0.83, adequate ceiling-floor effect, 0.8105 (0.09 SD) two-half test, 0.626 intraclass correlation (95% CI: 0.406 to 0.777) and Bland - Altman -0.840 (-22.76 to 21.07). Conclusion: The FHBS adapted for the Brazilian population showed evidence of adequate psychometric performance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Health Behavior , Psychometrics , Brazil , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results
4.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 98(1): 39-45, Jan.-Feb. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360555

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To investigate the prevalence and factors associated with no intention to exclusively breastfeed for the first 6 months of life in a sample of women in the first 24 h postpartum during the hospital stay. Methods: Cross-sectional study with data from screening phase of a birth cohort. The proportion of mothers who did not intend to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months (primary outcome) derived from a negative response to the question "Would you be willing to try to breastfeed exclusively for the first 6 months?", in an interview conducted by previously trained interviewers. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals were obtained by Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: A total of 2964 postpartum women were interviewed. The overall prevalence of mothers who did not intend to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months was 17.8% (16.4-19.1%). After adjusting for maternal age and type of pregnancy (singleton or multiple), no intention to exclusively breastfeed was higher in mothers with a monthly household income < 3 minimum wages (PR, 1.64; 1.35-1.98) and in those who intended to smoke 4-7 days/week after delivery (PR, 1.42; 1.11-1.83). The presence of significant newborn morbidity (PR, 0.32; 0.19-0.54) and intention to breastfeed up to 12 months (PR, 0.46; 0.38-0.55) had a protective effect against not intending to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months. Conclusions: Approximately 1 in every 5 mothers did not intend to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months. Strategies aimed at promoting exclusive breastfeeding should focus attention on mothers from lower economic strata and smokers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Breast Feeding , Intention , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Mothers
5.
Clinics ; 77: 100078, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1404313

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the percentage distribution of body composition parameters for healthy people at different ages from the assessment of electrical bioimpedance. Methods: A cross-sectional study of healthy Brazilian aged 5 years and older. Were evaluated: total body fat; percent body fat; fat-free mass; percent lean mass; fat mass index; and fat-free mass index. Results: Of 1240 participants, with a median age of 27.0 years, 52.5% were female, and 73.7% were Caucasian. Most of the body composition variables were associated with age. The fat-free mass increased from youth to adult and decreased in the elderly in both sexes, with higher values in males than in females. In males, the percentage of lean mass has higher values in adolescence compared to childhood, and in adults compared to the elderly, when analyzed from the 50th percentile. In women, fat-free mass compared to adulthood, values were higher in childhood and lower in older ages. Conclusions: The study is the first to describe the Brazilian reference values for most clinical parameters of bioimpedance in percentiles stratified by different life cycles and sex. These findings can be very useful in clinical practice for health promotion and monitoring the nutritional status of the individual.

6.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 35: e200323, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1406919

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the association between children and adolescents' body composition with family income. Methods Cross-sectional study, participants between 5 and 19 years were included. A standardized questionnaire assessed socioeconomic variables. The outcome variables were z-score of Body Mass Index and bioimpedance parameters (skeletal muscle mass, fat-free mass, and fat percentage) and predictor variables (age, sex, race, place of residence, father's education, birth weight and breastfeeding) were analyzed using the quantile regression model and data from the 50th percentile are presented. The tests were bidirectional and the differences were considered significant with p<0.05. Results Among the 529 participants included, 284 (53.6%) were female and the mean age was 11.41±3.9 years. The Body Mass Index z-score was the only outcome that did not show differences between sexes (p=0.158). In the crude model, lower family income was associated with lower skeletal muscle mass (Difference=-7.70; 95% CI -9.32 to -5.89), p<0.001), lower fat-free mass (Difference= -13.40; 95% CI -16.40 to -10.39, p<0.001) and the lowest percentage of fat was associated with lower family income (Difference= -5.01, 95% CI -9.91 to -0.11, p=0.027). The z-score of BMI was not associated with family income. Conclusion Family income is directly associated with lower fat-free mass, fat percentage, and skeletal muscle mass in children and adolescents.


RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a associação entre a composição corporal de crianças e adolescentes com a renda familiar. Métodos Estudo transversal, foram incluídos participantes entre 5 e 19 anos. As variáveis socioeconômicas foram avaliadas por meio de questionário padronizado. As variáveis de desfecho foram escore Z do índice de massa corporal e parâmetros de bioimpedância (massa muscular esquelética, massa livre de gordura e percentual de gordura) e variáveis preditoras (idade, sexo, raça, local de residência, escolaridade do pai, peso ao nascer e aleitamento materno) foram analisados pelo modelo de regressão quantílica e são apresentados os dados do percentil 50. Os testes foram bidirecionais, e as diferenças foram consideradas significativas com p<0,05. Resultados Entre os 529 participantes incluídos, 284 (53,6%) eram do sexo feminino e a média de idade foi de 11,41±3,9 anos. O escore Z do índice de massa corporal foi o único desfecho que não apresentou diferenças entre os sexos (p=0,158). No modelo bruto, uma menor renda familiar foi associada a menor massa muscular esquelética (Diferença= -7,70; IC 95% -9,32 a -5,89), p<0,001), menor massa livre de gordura (Diferença= -13,40; IC 95% -16,40 a -10,39, p<0,001) e o menor percentual de gordura associou-se à menor renda familiar (Diferença= -5,01, IC 95% -9,91 a -0,11, p=0,027). O escore Z do IMC não foi associado à renda familiar. Conclusão A renda familiar está diretamente associada à menor massa magra, ao percentual de gordura e à massa muscular esquelética em crianças e adolescentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Body Composition/physiology , Income , Body Mass Index , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Adolescent , Sociodemographic Factors
7.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 34(5,supl.1): 121-127, Nov. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1346340

ABSTRACT

Abstract The association between periodontitis and myocardial infarction remains unclear in the literature. Few studies have addressed periodontitis exposure as a predisposing factor for the development of myocardial infarction. Therefore, the present systematic review aims to analyze the association between periodontitis and myocardial infarction. This meta-analysis systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, SCIELO, LILACS, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and grey literature for studies estimating the association between periodontitis and myocardial infarction. Quality of evidence was assessed for all studies. The meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects models. Four of the six studies selected were included in the meta-analysis, including 1,035,703 subjects. The association between periodontitis and myocardial infarction was: RR: 5.99 (95% CI: 1.17-30.68), but with high heterogeneity (I2 = 100%; p <0.01). The results including only the highest quality articles, was lower: RR: 2.62 (95% CI: 1.47-4.70 3.83), but with lower heterogeneity (I2 = 85.5%; p < 0.01).The present systematic review with meta-analysis showed an association between periodontitis and acute myocardial infarction, but with a high level of heterogeneity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Periodontitis/complications , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Pulpitis/complications , Atherosclerosis/complications , Lipoproteins/analysis , Myocardial Infarction/etiology , Myocardial Infarction/mortality
8.
Invest. educ. enferm ; 39(3): 103-116, 15 octubre del 2021. Tab, Ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1348231

ABSTRACT

Objective. The aim of the study was to adapt and validate the Regret Intensity Scale-10 (RIS-10) for Brazilian health professionals. Methods. The validation study took place in two phases, in which the first was the translation of the instruments and the second, the field validation using psychometric properties validity and reliability of the scale with 341 professionals (doctors, nurses and physiotherapists) linked to hospitals. Validity was assessed using content validities (six judges evaluation), criteria (correlation with the Life Satisfaction Scale - SWLS and Self-Reporting Questionnaire 20 -SRQ-20) and construct (exploratory analysis using the rotation method Promax, based on the slope graph and the Kaiser criterion and confirmatory using the structural equation model) after applying the questionnaire to professionals.Reliability was measured by Cronbach's α coefficient and retest test over a maximum period of 30 days. Reproducibility was calculated by intraclass correlation. Results. A total of 341 professionals participated, with an average age of 38.6 ± 9.2 years. The content validity index (CVI) was 1.00, for all items of the scale in the proportion of agreement of the judges. Exploratory factor analysis showed a satisfactory correlation (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin = 0.88), suggesting a two-factor model, which comprises the main components of the emotion of regret (Factor I ­ emoticons, Factor II - feelings), accounting for 64% of the total variation of the first factor. In the confirmation, the index standardized root mean squared residual = 0.063 was close to the acceptable and other values were below. The scale correlated positively with SRQ-20 (p < 0.001) and negatively with SLWS (p = 0.003). Reliability showed (Cronbach's α = 0.863) and test­retest reliability showed lower values than expected. The Bland-Altman graph showed a mean bias of -1.5 with lower and upper limits of 15.8 to 12.8 respectively. Conclusion. The RIS-10 adapted for the population performed adequately in the psychometric properties evaluated for the assessment of the intensity of regret related to the provision of health care.


Objetivo. Adaptar y validar la Escala de Intensidad de Arrepentimiento-10 (RIS-10) para profesionales de la salud brasileños. Métodos. Este estudio de validación se realizó en dos fases: la primera fue la traducción de los instrumentos y la segunda, la validación de campo evaluando las propiedades psicométricas de validez y confiabilidad de la escala con 341 profesionales (médicos, enfermeras y fisioterapeutas) vinculados a hospitales. La validez se evaluó mediante la validez de contenido (evaluación de seis jueces), criterios (correlación con la Escala de Satisfacción de Vida - SWLS y Self-Reporting Questionnaire 20 -SRQ-20) y constructo (análisis exploratorio mediante el método de rotación Promax, basado en el gráfico de pendiente (Criterio de Kaiser y confirmatorio por el modelo de ecuación estructural) luego de aplicar el cuestionario a los profesionales. La confiabilidad se midió mediante el coeficiente α de Cronbach y la prueba de reprueba en un período máximo de 30 días. La reproducibilidad se calculó por correlación intraclase. Resultados. Participaron 341 profesionales, con una edad media de 38.6 ± 9.2 años. El índice de validez de contenido (IVC) fue de 1.00 para todos los ítems de la escala en proporción de acuerdo con los jueces. El análisis factorial exploratorio mostró una correlación satisfactoria (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin = 0.88), sugiriendo un modelo de dos factores, que comprende los componentes principales de la emoción de arrepentimiento (Factor I - emociones, Factor II - sentimientos), correspondiente al 64% de la variación total del primer factor. Tras la confirmación, el índice cuadrático medio residual estandarizado = 0.063 estuvo cerca de ser aceptable y los otros valores estaban por debajo. La escala se correlacionó positivamente con SRQ-20 (p<0.001) y negativamente con SLWS (p = 0.003). La confiabilidad mostró un α de Cronbach = 0.863 y la confiabilidad test-retest mostró valores más bajos de lo esperado. El gráfico de Bland-Altman mostró un sesgo medio de -1.5 con límites inferior y superior de 15.8 a 12.8, respectivamente. Conclusión. El RIS-10 adaptado a la población mostró un desempeño adecuado en las propiedades psicométricas utilizadas para evaluar la intensidad del arrepentimiento relacionado con la prestación de atención a la salud.


Objetivo. O objetivo do estudo foi adaptar e validar a Regret Intensity Scale-10 (RIS-10) para profissionais de saúde brasileiros. Métodos. O estudo de validação ocorreu em duas fases, sendo a primeira a tradução dos instrumentos e a segunda, a validação de campo utilizando as propriedades psicométricas validade e confiabilidade da escala com 341 profissionais (médicos, enfermeiros e fisioterapeutas) vinculados a hospitais. A validade foi avaliada por meio de validades de conteúdo (avaliação de seis juízes), critérios (correlação com a Escala de Satisfação de Vida - SWLS e Self-Reporting Questionnaire 20 -SRQ-20) e construto (análise exploratória usando o método de rotação Promax, com base no gráfico de inclinação e critério de Kaiser e confirmatório pelo modelo de equações estruturais) após aplicação do questionário aos profissionais. A confiabilidade foi medida pelo coeficiente α de Cronbach e teste de reteste em um período máximo de 30 dias. A reprodutibilidade foi calculada por correlação intraclasse. Resultados. Participaram 341 profissionais, com média de idade de 38.6 ± 9.2 anos. O índice de validade de conteúdo (IVC) foi de 1,00, para todos os itens da escala na proporção de concordância dos juízes. A análise fatorial exploratória mostrou correlação satisfatória (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin = 0.88), sugerindo um modelo de dois fatores, que compreende os principais componentes da emoção de arrependimento (Fator I - emoções, Fator II - sentimentos), correspondendo a 64% da variação total do primeiro fator. Na confirmação, o índice raiz quadrada média residual padronizada = 0.063 ficou próximo do aceitável e os demais valores ficaram abaixo. A escala correlacionou-se positivamente com SRQ-20 (p <0.001) e negativamente com SLWS (p = 0.003). A confiabilidade apresentou (α de Cronbach = 0.863) e a confiabilidade teste-reteste apresentou valores menores do que o esperado. O gráfico de Bland-Altman mostrou um viés médio de -1.5 com limites inferior e superior de 15.8 a 12.8, respectivamente. Conclusão. O RIS-10 adaptado para a população apresentou desempenho adequado nas propriedades psicométricas avaliadas para avaliação da intensidade do arrependimento relacionado à prestação de cuidados de saúde


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychometrics , Adaptation, Psychological , Health Personnel , Validation Study , Emotions , Delivery of Health Care
9.
Radiol. bras ; 54(5): 329-335, Sept.-Oct. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1340574

ABSTRACT

Abstract Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) is a noninvasive imaging method that can be used to diagnose and stage tumors, as well as to assess therapeutic responses in oncology. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the accuracy of WB-MRI for the diagnosis of metastases in pediatric patients. The following electronic databases were searched: Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Latin-American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov. All of the selected studies included children and adolescents with histopathological confirmation of a primary tumor. Collectively, the studies included 118 patients ranging in age from 7 months to 19 years. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of WB-MRI were, respectively, 0.964 (95% CI: 0.944-0.978; I2 = 0%) and 0.902 (95% CI: 0.882-0.919; I2 = 98.4%), with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.991. We found that WB-MRI had good accuracy for the diagnosis of metastases in pediatric patients and could therefore provide an alternative to complete the staging of tumors in such patients, being a safer option because it does not involve the use of ionizing radiation.


Resumo A ressonância magnética de corpo inteiro (WB-MRI) é um método de imagem não invasivo que pode ser usado para diagnosticar, estadiar e avaliar a resposta terapêutica em oncologia. O objetivo desta meta-análise foi avaliar a precisão do diagnóstico de WB- MRI no diagnóstico de metástases em crianças. Foram pesquisadas as seguintes bastes de dados: Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Latin-American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Todos os estudos incluíram crianças e adolescentes com prova histopatológica de um tumor original. Os estudos selecionados incluíram 118 pacientes com idade variando de 7 meses a 19 anos. A sensibilidade e especificidade combinadas de WB-MRI foram, respectivamente, 0,964 (IC 95%: 0,944-0,978; I2 = 0%) e 0,902 (IC 95%: 0,882-0,919; I2 = 98,4%), com AUC de 0,991. A WB-MRI tem uma boa precisão para o diagnóstico de metástases em pediatria e pode potencialmente fornecer um método alternativo não ionizante mais seguro para completar o estadiamento da doença maligna em crianças.

10.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 97(1): 75-79, Jan.-Feb. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1154722

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the agreement between the most used skinfold thickness equations with multi-frequency bioimpedance analysis in the prediction of body fat levels in children. Method: A cross-sectional study of healthy Brazilian community-dwelling individuals. The anthropometric assessment included height, body mass, arm circumference, and waist circumference. The percentage of body fat was obtained by measuring skinfold thickness equations and using bioimpedance analysis, and skinfold thickness was measured using a scientific skinfold caliper. Bland-Altman plot analysis was used to verify the agreement between the methods. Results: There were 439 children and adolescents evaluated, with a mean age of 11.6 ± 3.7 years. The mean body fat by bioimpedance analysis was 22.8% ± 10.4%, compared to 22.4% ± 8.8% by Slaughter (1), 20.4% ± 9.2% by Slaughter (2), 19.6% ± 4.4% by Goran, and 24.7% ± 10.0% by Huang equations. Bland-Altman plot analysis revealed limits of agreement greater than 8% between the bioimpedance analysis approach and equations, exceeding the clinically acceptable limit predefined a priori. None of the equations had good agreement with bioimpedance analysis. Conclusion: It was concluded that skinfold thickness and bioimpedance analysis should not be used interchangeably in children and adolescents.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Body Composition , Adipose Tissue , Skinfold Thickness , Brazil , Anthropometry , Cross-Sectional Studies
11.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1101410

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To validate the upper limb assessments tool, Shriners Hospital Upper Extremity Evaluation (SHUEE), for individuals with hemiplegic cerebral palsy in the Brazilian population. Methods: Validation study to translate and culturally adapt the Manual and the instrument. The psychometric properties evaluated were reliability and convergent validity. Reliability was determined by internal consistency (Cronbach's α coefficient), ceiling and floor effect, sensitivity to changes, and intra- and interobserver agreement. Convergent validity was performed using the Pediatric Motor Activity Log, the self-care scale of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, and the Manual Ability Classification System. Results: We evaluated 21 individuals with hemiplegic cerebral palsy, with a mean age of 8.7±4.0 years. After the instrument was translated, there was no need for cultural adaptation. The total Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.887 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.745-0.970). We calculated sensitivity to changes in five subjects who underwent treatment with Botulinum Toxin Type A and physical therapy, with a significant difference between pre- and post-treatment evaluations in the Spontaneous Functional Analysis and Dynamic Positional Analysis. Convergent validity showed a significant correlation of the Spontaneous Functional Analysis and Dynamic Positional Analysis with the scales evaluated. All items of SHUEE presented high intra- and interobserver agreement. Conclusions: The results revealed that the Brazilian version of the SHUEE demonstrated good reliability and convergent validity, suggesting that it is an adequate and reliable tool for individuals with hemiplegic cerebral palsy in the Brazilian population.


RESUMO Objetivo: Validar o instrumento de avaliação do membro superior, Shriners Hospital Upper Extremity Evaluation (SHUEE), para indivíduos com paralisia cerebral hemiplégica da população brasileira. Métodos: Estudo de validação no qual foi realizada tradução e adaptação cultural do manual e do instrumento. As propriedades psicométricas avaliadas foram confiabilidade e validade convergente. A confiabilidade foi determinada através da consistência interna (coeficiente α de Cronbach), efeito teto e chão, sensibilidade à mudança e concordância intra e interobservador. A validade convergente foi realizada utilizando-se o Pediatric Motor Activity Log, a escala de autocuidados do Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory e o Manual Ability Classification System. Resultados: Foram avaliados 21 indivíduos com paralisia cerebral hemiplégica com idade média de 8,7±4,0 anos. Após a tradução do instrumento, não houve necessidade de adaptação cultural. O coeficiente α de Cronbach total foi de 0,887 (intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%] 0,745-0,970). A sensibilidade à mudança foi calculada em cinco indivíduos que realizaram aplicação de Toxina Botulínica tipo A e fisioterapia, apresentando diferença significativa entre a avaliação pré e pós-tratamento na Análise Funcional Espontânea e Análise Posicional Dinâmica. A validade convergente mostrou correlação significativa da Análise Funcional Espontânea e Análise Posicional Dinâmica com as escalas avaliadas. Todos os itens do SHUEE apresentaram concordâncias fortes, tanto na avaliação intra quanto na interobservador. Conclusões: A versão brasileira do SHUEE demonstrou um bom desempenho em relação à confiabilidade e validade convergente, sugerindo ser uma ferramenta adequada e confiável para os indivíduos com paralisia cerebral hemiplégica na população brasileira.


Subject(s)
Baths/statistics & numerical data , Hygiene , Parents , Soaps/administration & dosage , Sunscreening Agents/administration & dosage , Baths/adverse effects , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Age Factors , Cosmetics/administration & dosage , Cosmetics/adverse effects
12.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 95(5): 614-618, Sept.-Oct. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1040364

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To assess the level of agreement in health-related quality of life between children with Post-infectious Bronchiolitis Obliterans and their parent (so-called proxy). Methods: Participants aged between 8and 17 years who had been previously diagnosed with Post-infectious Bronchiolitis Obliterans were regularly followed up at a pediatric pulmonology outpatient clinic. Parents or legal guardians (caregivers) of these patients were also recruited for the study. A validated and age-appropriate version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 was used for the assessment of health-related quality of life. Caregivers completed the corresponding proxy versions of the questionnaire. The correlation between self and proxy reports of health-related quality of life was determined by intra-class correlation coefficient and dependent t-tests. Results: The majority of participants were males (79.4%), and the average age was 11.8 years. Intra-class correlations between each of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 domains and the total score were all lower than 0.6, with a range between 0.267 (poor) and 0.530 (fair). When the means of each domain and the total score of the questionnaires were compared, caregivers were observed to have a significantly lower health-related quality of life score than children, with the exception of the social domain in which the difference was not significant. However, the differences in score exceeded the critical threshold difference of four points in all other domains. Conclusion: Proxies of children and adolescents with Post-infectious Bronchiolitis Obliterans appear to consistently perceive their children as having lower health-related quality of life than how the patients perceive themselves.


Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de concordância a respeito da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde entre crianças com bronquiolite obliterante pós-infecciosa e seus pais (responsáveis). Métodos: Os participantes entre 8-17 anos, anteriormente diagnosticados com bronquiolite obliterante pós-infecciosa, foram acompanhados regularmente no ambulatório de pneumologia pediátrica. Os pais ou responsáveis legais (cuidadores) desses pacientes também foram convidados a participar do estudo. Uma versão validada e adequada para a idade do Inventário Pediátrico de Qualidade de Vida, versão 4.0, foi utilizada para a avaliação da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde. Os cuidadores concluíram as versões do questionário correspondentes aos responsáveis. A correlação entre os autorrelatos e os relatos dos responsáveis da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde foi determinada pelo coeficiente de correlação intraclasse e pelos testes t dependentes. Resultados: A maior parte dos participantes era do sexo masculino (79,4%) e a idade média foi 11,8 anos. As correlações intraclasse entre cada um dos domínios do Inventário Pediátrico de Qualidade de Vida e o escore total foram todas inferiores a 0,6, com intervalo entre 0,267 (baixo) e 0,530 (justo). Quando as médias de cada domínio e o escore total dos questionários foram comparados, observamos que os cuidadores apresentaram qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde significativamente menor em comparação com as crianças, com exceção do domínio social, no qual a diferença não foi significativa. Contudo, as diferenças no escore ultrapassaram o limite de diferença essencial de 4 pontos em todos os outros domínios. Conclusão: Os responsáveis pelas crianças e adolescentes com bronquiolite obliterante pós-infecciosa parecem perceber de forma consistente que suas crianças possuem qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde menor que os próprios pacientes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Quality of Life/psychology , Bronchiolitis Obliterans/physiopathology , Parents , Respiratory Function Tests , Severity of Illness Index , Bronchiolitis Obliterans/psychology , Chronic Disease , Surveys and Questionnaires , Statistics, Nonparametric , Sickness Impact Profile , Lung/physiopathology
13.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 95(3): 314-320, May-June 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1012616

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To validate the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Family Environment Assessment questionnaire (Inventaire du Milieu Familial). Methods: The validation process was carried out in two stages. First, translation and back-translation were performed, and in the second phase, the questionnaire was applied in 72 families of children between 0 and 24 months for the validation process. The tool consists of the following domains: mother's communication ability; behavior; organization of the physical and temporal environment; collection/quantity of toys; maternal attitude of constant attention toward her baby; diversification of stimuli; baby's behavior. The following was performed for the scale validation: 1 - content analysis (judgment); 2 - construct analysis (factorial analysis - Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, Bartlett, and Pearson's correlation tests); 3 - criterion analysis (calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficient, intraclass correlations, and split-half correlations). Results: The mean age of the children was 9 ± 6.7 months, and of these, 35 (48.6%) were males. Most correlations between items and domains were significant. In the factorial analysis of the scale, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin values were 0.76, Bartlett's test showed a p-value < 0.001, and correlation between items and domains showed a p-value < 0.01. Regarding the validity, Cronbach's alpha was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89-0.94). The intraclass correlation among the evaluators was 0.97 (0.96-0.98) and split-half correlations, r: 0.60, with p < 0.01. Conclusions: The Portuguese version of the Inventaire du Milieu Familial showed good to excellent performance regarding the assessed psychometric properties.


Resumo Objetivo: Validar a versão em português do Questionário de Avaliação do Ambiente Familiar (Inventaire du Milieu Familial). Métodos: O processo de validação foi feito em duas etapas. Primeiramente, realizou-se a tradução e retrotradução e, na segunda fase, o questionário foi aplicado em 72 famílias de crianças entre zero e 24 meses para o processo de validação. O instrumento é formado pelos seguintes domínios: Capacidade de comunicação da mãe; Comportamento; Organização do ambiente físico e temporal; Acervo/quantidade de brinquedos; Implicação da mãe com seu bebê; Diversificação de estímulos; Comportamento do bebê. Para a validação da escala foi realizada: 1- análise de conteúdo (julgamento); 2- análise de construto (análise fatorial - testes Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, Bartlett e correlação de Pearson); 3- análise de critério (cálculo do coeficiente alfa de cronbach, correlações intraclasse e correlações split-half). Resultados: A média de idade das crianças foi 9 ± 6,7 meses e, dessas, 35 (48,6%) eram do sexo masculino. A maioria das correlações entre os itens e os domínios foi significativa. Na análise fatorial da escala, os valores de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin foram 0,76, teste de Bartlett com p < 0,001 e correlação entre os itens e domínios p < 0,01. Em relação à validade, o alfa de Cronbach foi de 0,92 (IC 95% 0,89-0,94). A correlação intraclasse entre os avaliadores foi de 0,97 (0,96-0,98) e correlações split-half r: 0,60 p < 0,01. Conclusões: A versão portuguesa do Inventaire du Milieu Familial apresentou um bom à excelente desempenho nas propriedades psicométricas avaliadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Family , Surveys and Questionnaires , Housing , Infant Welfare , Psychometrics , Translations , Brazil , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Cross-Sectional Studies , Reproducibility of Results
14.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 95(2): 231-237, Mar.-Apr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1002456

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To validate the Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening tool for use in Brazil. Materials and methods: The Brazilian version of this questionnaire, originally validated and tested in the United States, was developed as follows: (a) translation; (b) back-translation; (c) completion of the final version; (d) pre-testing. The questionnaire was applied prior to polysomnography to children aged 3-9 years from October 2015 to October 2016, and its psychometric properties (i.e., validity and reliability) were evaluated. The accuracy was assessed from comparisons between polysomnographic results and corresponding questionnaire scores. Results: Sixty patients were enrolled, and based on polysomnographic findings, 48% patients had normal apnea-hypopnea index, while the remaining 52% met the criteria for obstructive sleep apnea. Minimum O2 saturation level was significantly lower among obstructive sleep apnea children (p = 0.021). Satisfactory concordance was found between individual apnea-hypopnea index and questionnaire scores. Bland-Altman plot-derived bias was 0.1 for the difference between measures, with 5.34 (95% CI: 4.14-6.55) and −5.19 (95%CI: −6.39 to −3.98) for the upper and lower agreement range. Internal consistency derived from Cronbach's alpha was 0.84 (95%CI: 0.78-0.90). Conclusion: The questionnaire was translated to and validated into Brazilian-Portuguese version, and showed good reliability and concordance with apnea-hypopnea index. This questionnaire offers a reliable screening option for sleep-disordered breathing in children.


Resumo Objetivo: Validar o questionário Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening Tool para o seu uso no Brasil. Materiais e métodos: A versão brasileira desse questionário, originalmente validado e testado nos Estados Unidos, foi desenvolvida a partir das seguintes etapas: a) tradução; b) retrotradução; c) conclusão da versão final; d) pré-teste. O questionário foi aplicado previamente ao início da polissonografia em crianças de 3 a 9 anos incluídas no estudo de outubro de 2015 a outubro de 2016. As propriedades psicométricas avaliadas foram validade e confiabilidade. A acurácia foi avaliada pela comparação entre os resultados da polissonografia com o escore do questionário. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 60 pacientes. Conforme a polissonografia, 48% dos pacientes apresentaram índices de apneia e hipopneia normais e 51% apresentaram resultados alterados. A SpO2 mínima foi significativamente menor (p = 0,021) nas crianças com diagnóstico de síndrome de apneia obstrutiva do sono. O índice de apneia e hipopneia apresentou concordância satisfatória com os resultados do questionário. O viés médio de Bland-Altman foi de 0,1 para a diferença entre as medidas, com um limite superior de 5,34 (IC95%4,14 a 6,55) e um limite inferior de -5,19 (IC95%-6,39 a -3,98). A consistência interna do questionário avaliada pelo α de Cronbach foi de 0,84 (IC95%0,78 a 0,90). Conclusão: O questionário foi traduzido e validado adequadamente para a versão em português brasileiro, apresentando boa confiabilidade e concordância com o índice de apneia e hipopneia. Esse questionário oferece uma opção confiável de triagem de distúrbios respiratórios do sono em crianças.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis , Psychometrics , Translations , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Cultural Characteristics
15.
Sci. med. (Porto Alegre, Online) ; 29(1): ID32295, 2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1009928

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To validate the Brazilian version of the Fresno test of competence in Evidence-Based Medicine. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, validation study. Phase 1: translation of the Fresno instrument. Phase 2: validation of the translated version, which was tested in 70 undergraduate medical students. The psychometric properties evaluated were validity, internal consistency, and sensitivity to change. RESULTS: Overall, validity was adequate; most items showed a moderate to strong and significant correlation with the total score; there was an important and significant difference between both groups, with and without previous contact with Evidence-Based Medicine (median, 55 [IQ25-75, 45.2-61.7] vs. median, 18.5 [IQ25-75, 6.0-29.7]) (p<0.001). Internal consistency was also adequate (α-C 0.718), and sensitivity to change showed a considerable and significant difference between pre and post-test (median, 18.5 [IQ25-75, 6.0-29.7] vs. median, 44 [IQ25-75, 34.0-60.0]) (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The Brazilian version of the Fresno test showed satisfactory psychometric properties, and it can now be used as a tool to assess the knowledge and skills of Evidence-Based Medicine in Brazilian medical students.


OBJETIVOS: Validar a versão brasileira do teste Fresno de competência em Medicina Baseada em Evidências. MÉTODOS: Este é um estudo transversal de validação. Fase 1: tradução do instrumento Fresno. Fase 2: validação da versão traduzida, testada em 70 estudantes de graduação em medicina. As propriedades psicométricas avaliadas foram validade, consistência interna e sensibilidade à mudança. RESULTADOS: No geral, a validade foi adequada; a maioria dos itens apresentou correlação moderada a forte e significativa com o escore total; houve diferença importante e significativa entre os dois grupos, com e sem contato prévio com medicina baseada em evidências (mediana, 55 [IQ25-75, 45,2-61,7] vs. mediana, 18,5 [IQ25-75, 6,0-29,7]) (p<0,001). A consistência interna também foi adequada (α-C 0,718), e a sensibilidade à mudança mostrou uma diferença considerável e significativa entre o pré e o pós-teste (mediana, 18,5 [IQ25-75, 6,0-29,7] vs. mediana, 44 [IQ25-75], 34,0-60,0]) (p<0,001). CONCLUSÕES: A versão brasileira do teste Fresno mostrou propriedades psicométricas satisfatórias, e agora pode ser usada como uma ferramenta para avaliar o conhecimento e as habilidades da Medicina Baseada em Evidências em estudantes de medicina brasileiros.


Subject(s)
Evidence-Based Medicine
16.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(12): 4209-4219, Dec. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-974786

ABSTRACT

Abstract This article aims to review systematically the evidence on nutritional assessment techniques and parameters used to determine the nutritional status of children and adolescents. The literature review and the selection of publications were performed using the Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, Embase, personal files. 17 studies were identified, 7 addressed the anthropometric indices as the main outcome, 7 analyzed the growth and development of children and adolescents through growth curves, and the remainder surveyed body composition. In general, all met the quality criteria, unless 6 of the articles who did not discuss the limitations. The literature review suggests several techniques and parameters that can be applied to determine the nutritional status of children and adolescents from different countries. Growth graphs are essential to assess the health of children, but depend greatly of the growth tables used. Although BMI can be practical, it does not distinguish body fat from lean mass. The best interpretation of anthropometry will depend of valid reference values for age range of the study population. BIA is a quick feasible method, but the measurement has some various nationalities.


Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é revisar sistematicamente as evidências sobre as técnicas de avaliação nutricional e parâmetros utilizados para determinar o estado nutricional em crianças e adolescentes. Revisão da literatura com busca nas bases de dados, Medline, Lilacs, SciELO e Embase, além de arquivos pessoais. Identificamos 17 artigos que relatavam dados de diferentes populações, sete estudos abordaram os índices antropométricos, quatro o crescimento e o desenvolvimento de crianças e adolescentes por meio de curvas de crescimento, e o restante a composição corporal. Todos preencheram os critérios de qualidade, com exceção das limitações. A revisão da literatura sugere diversas técnicas e parâmetros que podem ser aplicados para determinar o estado nutricional de crianças e adolescentes de diferentes países. Gráficos de crescimento são essenciais para avaliar a saúde de crianças, mas depende muito das tabelas de crescimento utilizadas. Embora o IMC seja prático, não distingue a gordura corporal de massa magra. Existem várias técnicas para avaliar proporções, tamanho e composição corporal. A melhor interpretação da antropometria dependerá de valores de referência válidos para a faixa etária da população estudada. BIA é um método factível, mas tem algumas limitações para a realização do exame.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Body Composition/physiology , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Reference Values , Anthropometry , Adipose Tissue/physiology , Age Factors
17.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 94(4): 374-379, July-Aug. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-954626

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the overall health-related quality of life in patients with bronchiolitis obliterans. Methods: Participants with a diagnosis of post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans, who were being followed-up at two specialized outpatient clinics of Pediatric Pulmonology in Porto Alegre, Brazil, and controls aged between 8 and 17 years, of both genders, were included in the study. Controls were paired by gender, age, and socioeconomic level in relation to the group of participants with post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans. The version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQ) tool validated for Brazil was applied for the assessment of Health-related Quality of Life, through an interview. The comparison of the Health-related Quality of Life means between the groups was performed using Student's t-test for independent samples and the chi-squared test, for categorical variables. Results: 34 patients diagnosed with post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans and 34 controls participated in the study. The mean age of the children included in the study was 11.2 ± 2.5 years, and 49 (72%) of them were males. The groups showed no significant differences in relation to these variables. The quality of life score was significantly and clinically lower in the post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans group when compared with controls in the health (72.36 ± 15.6, 81.06 ± 16.4, p = 0.031) and school domains (62.34 ± 20.7, 72.94 ± 21.3, p = 0.043), as well as in the total score (69.53 ± 14.9, 78.02 ± 14.8, p = 0.024), respectively. Conclusion: Patients with post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans presented lower health-related quality of life scores when compared with healthy individuals in the total score and in the health and school domains.


Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde geral em participantes com bronquiolite obliterante. Métodos: Foram incluídos no estudo participantes com diagnóstico de bronquiolite obliterante pós-infecciosa que estavam em acompanhamento em dois ambulatórios especializados de pneumologia pediátrica em Porto Alegre, Brasil e controles, entre 8 e 17 anos, de ambos os sexos. Os controles foram pareados por sexo, idade e nível socioeconômico em relação ao grupo de participantes com bronquiolite obliterante pós-infecciosa. Para avaliação da Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde geral foi aplicado a versão validada para o Brasil do instrumento PedsQL (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory), por meio de entrevista. A comparação entre as médias da Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde entre os grupos foi realizada mediante o teste t para amostras independentes e para as variáveis categóricas por teste qui-quadrado. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 34 pacientes com diagnóstico de bronquiolite obliterante pós-infecciosa e 34 controles. A média da idade das crianças incluídas foi de 11,2 ± 2,5 anos e 49 (72%) deles eram do sexo masculino. Os grupos não apresentaram diferenças significativas em relação a essas variáveis. O escore de qualidade de vida foi significativamente e clinicamente menor no grupo bronquiolite obliterante pós-infecciosa em comparação com o controle nos domínios saúde: (72,36 ± 15,6; 81,06 ± 16,4; p = 0,031); escolar: (62,34 ± 20,7; 72,94 ± 21,3; p = 0,043) e no escore total (69,53 ± 14,9; 78,02 ± 14,8, p = 0,024), respectivamente. Conclusão: Os pacientes com bronquiolite obliterante pós-infecciosa apresentam escores de qualidade de vida relacionados à saúde menor do que indivíduos saudáveis no escore total e nos domínios saúde e escolares.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Quality of Life/psychology , Bronchiolitis Obliterans/psychology , Respiratory Function Tests , Socioeconomic Factors , Bronchiolitis Obliterans/etiology , Case-Control Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
19.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 94(1): 62-68, Jan.-Feb. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-894099

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To compare the effectiveness of a single intramuscular dose of bromopride, metoclopramide, or ondansetron for treating vomiting. Methods: Randomized controlled trial including children 1-12 years of age presenting with acute vomiting at the pediatric emergency department. Outcomes: Number of children that stopped vomiting at one, six, and 24 h following treatment; episodes of diarrhea; acceptance of oral liquids; intravenous rehydration; return to hospital and side effects. Results: There were 175 children who completed the study. Within the first hour after treatment, all drugs were equally effective, with ondansetron preventing vomiting in 100%, bromopride in 96.6%, and metoclopramide in 94.8% of children (p = 0.288). Within six hours, ondansetron was successful in preventing vomiting in 98.3% of children, compared to bromopride and metoclopramide, which were successful in 91.5% and 84.4% of patients, respectively (p = 0.023). Within 24 h, ondansetron was superior to both other agents, as it remained efficacious in reducing vomiting in 96.6% of children, as opposed to 67.8% and 67.2% with bromopride and metoclopramide, respectively (p = 0.001). The ondansetron group showed better acceptance of oral liquids (p = 0.05) when compared to the bromopride and metoclopramide. The ondansetron group did not show any side effects in 75.9% of cases, compared to 54.2% and 53.5% in the bromopride and metoclopramide groups, respectively. Somnolence was the most common side effect. Conclusions: A single dose of ondansetron is superior to bromopride and metoclopramide in preventing vomiting six hours and 24 h following treatment. Oral fluid intake after receiving medication was statistically better with Ondansetronwhile also having less side effects compared to the other two agents.


Resumo Objetivo: Para comparar a eficacia de uma unica dose intramuscular de bromoprida, metoclopramida ou ondansetrona no tratamento de vomito. Métodos: Ensaio controlado randomizado incluindo crianc¸as de 1 a 12 anos de idade que apresentam vomito agudo no departamento de emergencia pediatrica. Desfechos: Numero de crianças que pararam de vomitar 1, 6 e 24 horas apos o tratamento; episodios de diarreia; aceitac¸ao de liquidos orais; reidratac¸ao intravenosa, retorno ao hospital e efeitos colaterais. Resultados: 175 crianças concluiram o estudo. Na primeira hora apos o tratamento, todos os medicamentos foram igualmente eficazes, sendo que a ondansetrona preveniu vomito em 100%, a bromoprida em 96,6% e metoclopramida em 94,8% das crianças (p = 0,288). Em 6 horas, a ondansetrona mostrou sucesso na prevençao do vomito em 98,3% das crianças, em comparac¸ao a bromoprida e a metoclopramida, que mostraram sucesso em 91,5% e 84,4% dos pacientes, respectivamente (p = 0,023). Em 24 horas, a ondansetrona foi superior aos dois outros agentes, pois ela continuou eficaz na reduçao do vomito em 96,6% das crianças, diferente de 67,8% e 67,2% com bromoprida e metoclopramida, respectivamente (p = 0,001). O grupo de ondansetrona mostrou melhor aceitaçao de liquidos orais (p = 0,05) em comparaçao a bromoprida e metoclopramida. O grupo de ondansetrona nao mostrou efeitos colaterais em 75,9% dos casos, em comparaçao a 54,2% e 53,5% dos grupos de bromoprida e metoclopramida. O efeito colateral mais comum foi sonolencia. Conclusões: Uma unica dose de ondansetrona e superior a bromoprida e metoclopramida no tratamento de vomito 6 horas e 24 horas apos o tratamento. A ingestao de fluidos orais apos receber medicaçao foi estatisticamente melhor com ondansetrona, ao mesmo tempo em que tambem apresentando menos efeitos colaterais em comparaçao aos outros dois agentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Vomiting/drug therapy , Ondansetron/administration & dosage , Metoclopramide/administration & dosage , Metoclopramide/analogs & derivatives , Antiemetics/administration & dosage , Acute Disease , Treatment Outcome , Emergency Service, Hospital
20.
Acta méd. (Porto Alegre) ; 39(1): 121-139, 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-910551

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O processamento artificial de alimentos tem sido considerado um fator de risco importante na saúde. O objetivo deste estudo é revisar a literatura científica quanto à definição da classificação dos alimentos referente ao seu grau de processamento industrial. Métodos: revisão narrativa de artigos publicados nas bases de dados indexadas MEDLINE (PubMed) e LILACS e guias alimentares disponíveis na página online da Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). A estratégia de busca utilizada compreendeu os seguintes descritores: Processed food OR Unprocessed food OR Artisanal food OR Minimally processed food OR Highly processed OR Ultra-processed food OR Industrial food processing. Não houve restrição quanto ao idioma utilizado nas publicações. Resultados: foram identificados 1301 artigos nas bases de dados PubMed e LILACS e 35 na página da FAO. Definições de alimentos processados ou ultraprocessados foram encontradas em diretrizes de apenas 8 dos 34 países avaliados nessa revisão. Apenas três diretrizes eram baseadas na classificação NOVA, utilizada no Brasil. Os demais países que utilizam classificações baseadas no grau de processamento industrial se pautam em definições variadas, baseadas na quantidade de aditivos, açucares, gorduras e outras substâncias. Além disso, apenas quatro países utilizam a classificação de ultraprocessados para alimentos altamente industrializados. Conclusões: apesar dos riscos já evidenciados em relação ao consumo destes alimentos, as evidências demonstram que o conceito em relação ao grau de processamento industrial de alimentos não apresenta uma definição padronizada.


Introduction: artificial food processing has been considered a major health risk factor. The objective of this study is to review the scientific literature regarding the definition of food classification related to its degree of industrial processing. Methods: narrative review. Articles published in MEDLINE (PubMed) and LILACS indexed databases and food guides available on the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) website were evaluated. The search strategy used included the following descriptors: Processed food OR Unprocessed food OR Artisanal food OR Minimally processed food OR Highly processed OR Ultra-processed food OR Industrial food processing. There was no restriction on the language used in the publications. Results: 1301 articles in the PubMed and LILACS databases and 35 on the FAO website were identified. Food classifications based on the degree of industrial processing were found in only 8 of 34 countries included in this review. Of those, only three guidelines were based on the NOVA classification, currently used in Brazil. Other countries with food classifications based on industrial processing used definitions characterized by the addition of sugars, chemical additives, fats and other substances. Furthermore, only four countries used definitions for ultraprocessed foods specifically. Conclusion: the evidence demonstrates the concept in relation to industrial processing does not present a standard definition, despite the risks already evidenced in relation to the consumption of these.


Subject(s)
Industrialized Foods , Food/classification , Food, Processed/classification , Health
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